As graduation approaches, many Rwandan university students face a daunting challenge: securing their first internship or job. Despite years of studying and preparation, graduates often find the transition from classroom to workplace difficult, highlighting a gap between academic learning and employer expectations.
“I submitted my CV to several companies, including media houses and telecommunications firms, but never received a response,” says Tatiana Azizet, a Mass Media and Communication student at Mount Kigali University. “I spent money on transport and documents, and it was discouraging. Some internships even required payment, despite being unpaid positions.”
High youth unemployment
Rwanda’s youth unemployment rates underscore the challenge. According to the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR), youth unemployment (ages 16–30) was 13.6% in February 2025, compared with 9.5% among adults. The World Bank estimates that unemployment for young Rwandans aged 15–24 stands at 17.5%.
Career experts say the figures reflect a mismatch between the skills students acquire at university and what employers need.
“Companies are looking for graduates who can contribute immediately,” says Jean Bosco Habimana, Career Officer at Mount Kigali University. “Many students finish without the practical experience employers expect.”
Challenges beyond skills
Experts say structural issues, such as limited internship opportunities, unpaid positions, and high competition, also contribute to the problem. Students are often caught in a cycle where experience is required to get a job, but jobs are needed to gain experience.
“Structured internships and stronger partnerships between universities and employers would help bridge this gap,” says Claudine Mukamana, HR Consultant. “Students need exposure to real-world environments while studying, so they are ready to contribute after graduation.”
Repeated rejections can affect motivation and confidence. Many students report feeling frustrated or uncertain about their career paths, a situation echoed by graduates worldwide.
“Despite the challenges, I continue applying,” Tatiana says. “All we want is a fair chance to prove our abilities.”
The Rwandan government has set a target to reduce youth unemployment to 12% within five years, with a focus on internships, skills training, and entry-level job creation. Private sector initiatives, mentorship programmes, and university career services are also helping students prepare for the workforce.
Despite the challenges, graduates remain determined. Many, like Tatiana, are actively applying, networking, and building skills to increase their chances of employment.
“It’s about perseverance and using every opportunity to learn,” says Habimana. “The job market is competitive, but those who prepare, adapt, and remain proactive stand the best chance.”
