In a groundbreaking discovery that could redefine Rwanda’s place in the global energy economy, high-grade lithium deposits have been found in the country’s Southern Province, sparking both international interest and national optimism. This finding holds significant implications for Rwanda’s burgeoning mining sector, promising to elevate its contribution to the national economy and global supply chains.
The announcement came after UK-based exploration company Aterian Plc, in partnership with mining giant Rio Tinto, confirmed early drilling results at the HCK project site. The discovery was officially made public earlier this month through Rwanda Broadcasting Agency (RBA) and later covered by multiple international news outlets.
What was discovered?
A lithium-rich intercept measuring 6.9 meters deep with a high average grade of 2.11% Li₂O, including a standout 3.45-meter zone reaching 3.20% Li₂O, was revealed from borehole MWOG0002. This early-stage drilling confirms the presence of commercial-grade lithium suitable for global electric battery manufacturing.
Where is it located?
The HCK project covers approximately 2,750 hectares in Rwanda’s Southern Province, an area now identified as holding 19 lithium-bearing pegmatite zones with potential reserves of lithium, tantalum, and cesium.
When was it found?
The discovery stems from initial exploration phases conducted over the past year, with the confirmation drill results released in early July 2025.
Who is involved?
The exploration is being spearheaded by Aterian Plc, a UK-listed company, under a joint venture with Rio Tinto, one of the world’s largest mining corporations. Rio Tinto has already secured a 51% stake in the project, with rights to increase its share to 75% by investing $7.5 million USD over three years.
Why is this important?
Lithium, often dubbed “white gold,” is a key component in electric vehicle (EV) batteries, smartphones, and renewable energy storage systems. The discovery could propel Rwanda into the ranks of global lithium suppliers, fueling green energy transitions and diversifying the country’s export economy.
“We are only at the surface of what could be a massive opportunity for Rwanda and the region,” said Simon Rollason, CEO of Aterian Plc. “So far, we’ve drilled just two of the mapped lithium zones. There’s a lot more to explore.”
How will it impact the country?
Rwanda’s mining sector currently contributes about 3% to its GDP and employs over 72,000 people. The lithium find has the potential to not only increase foreign direct investment but also stimulate local job creation, research, and the development of mining infrastructure. This growth could significantly boost the sector’s overall contribution to the national GDP.
In response to the discovery, the Rwandan government is expected to accelerate feasibility studies, environmental reviews, and policy development to ensure the lithium resource is responsibly and sustainably utilized. This proactive approach is crucial for maximizing the benefits to the mining sector while adhering to international best practices.
